Angkor Wat IELTS Reading Answers – Giải thích chi tiết
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Bài đọc Angkor Wat
Angkor Wat
Angkor Wat is simply unique, a stunning blend of spirituality, and symmetry, an enduring example of man’s devotion to his gods. Relish the very first approach, as that spine-tickling moment when you emerge on the inner causeway will rarely be felt again. It is the largest and undoubtedly the most breathtaking of the monuments at Angkor, and is widely believed to be the largest religious structure in the world. It is also the best-preserved temple at Angkor, as it was never abandoned to the elements, and repeat visits are rewarded with previously unnoticed details. It was probably built as a funerary temple for Suryavarman II to honour Vishnu, the Hindu deity with whom the king identified. There is much about Angkor Wat that is unique among the temples of Angkor. The most significant point is that the temple is oriented towards the west. This is symbolically the direction of death, which once led a large number of scholars to conclude that Angkor Wat must have existed primarily as a tomb. This idea was supported by the fact that the magnificent bas-reliefs of the temple were designed to be viewed in an anticlockwise direction, a practice that has precedents in ancient Hindu funerary rites. Vishnu, however, is also frequently associated with the west, and it is now commonly accepted that Angkor Wat most likely served both as a temple and a mausoleum for Suryavarman II. Angkor Wat is famous for its beguiling apsara (heavenly nymphs). There are more than 3,000 carved into the walls of the temple, each of them unique, and there are more than 30 different hairstyles for budding stylists to check out. Many of these exquisite apsara were damaged during Indian efforts to clean the temples with chemicals during the 1980s, the ultimate bad acid trip, but they are now being restored by the teams of the German Apsara Conservation Project (GACP). The organization operates a small information booth in the northwest corner of Angkor Wat, where beautiful black-and-white postcards and images of Angkor are available. Symbolism Visitors to Angkor Wat are struck by its imposing grandeur and, at close quarters, its fascinating decorative flourishes and extensive bas-reliefs. However, a scholar at the time of its construction would have revelled in its multilayered levels of meaning in much the same way as a contemporary literary scholar might delight in James Joyce’s “Ulysses”. David Chandler, drawing on the research of Eleanor Moron, points out in his book, “History of Cambodia”, that the spatial dimensions of Angkor Wat parallel the lengths of the four ages (Yuga) of classical Hindu thought. Thus, the visitor to Angkor Wat who walks the causeway to the main entrance and through the courtyards to the final main tower, which once contained a statue of Vishnu, is metaphorically travelling back to the creation of the universe. Architectural Layout Angkor Wat is surrounded by a moat, 190m wide, which forms a giant rectangle measuring 1.5km by 1.3km. From the west, a sandstone causeway crosses the moat; the holes in the paving stones held wooden pegs that were used to lift and position the stones during construction. The pegs were then sawn off and have since rotted away. The sandstone blocks from which Angkor Wat was built were quarried more than 50km away (from the district of Svay Leu at the eastern foot of Phnom Kulen) and floated down the Stung Siem Reap (Siem Reap River) on rafts. The logistics of such an operation are mind-blowing, consuming the labour of thousands – an unbelievable feat given the lack of cranes and trucks that we take for granted in contemporary construction projects. The rectangular outer wall, which measures 1,025m by 800m, has a gate on each side, but the main entrance, a 235m-wide porch richly decorated with carvings and sculptures, is on the western side. In the gate tower, to the right as you approach, is a statue of Vishnu, 3.25m in height and hewn from a single block of sandstone. Vishnu’s eight arms hold a mace, a spear, a disk, a conch and other items. You may even see locks of hair lying about. These are an offering by both young women and men preparing to get married or by people who seek to give thanks for their good fortune. The central temple complex consists of three storeys, each made of laterite, which enclose a square surrounded by intricately interlinked galleries. The Gallery of a Thousand Buddhas used to house hundreds of Buddha images before the war, but many of these were removed or stolen, leaving the broken remnants we see today. The corners of the second and third storeys are marked by towers, each topped with pointed cupolas (domed structures). Rising 31m above the third level, and 55m above the ground, is the central tower, which gives the whole ensemble its sublime unity. Once at the central tower, the pilgrimage is complete: soak up the breeze, take in the views and then find a quiet corner in which to contemplate the symmetry and symbolism of this Everest of temples. |
Câu hỏi bài đọc Angkor Wat – IELTS Reading
Question 1-4
1. In which direction does Angkor Wat face?
2. What was originally in the main tower?
3. What happened to the wooden pegs used to construct the causeway?
4. What do you finally do when your journey through Angkor Wat is over?
Question 5-13
Angkor Wat was built inside a large rectangular 5 and can be reached by walking across a 6
The blocks used to build it were first 7 and then transported on rafts.
The ability to do this without 8 is hard to believe.
Angkor Wat is far more 9 than any other building to be seen here.
The 10 are responsible for restoring many of the carvings.
The temples of Angkor are a representation of the 11
The statue of Vishnu was carved from 12
The central tower marks the end of your 13
Điểm số của bạn là % - đúng / câu
Giải thích chi tiết bài đọc Angkor Wat – IELTS Reading
Question 1-4: Dạng Short Answer Questions Cách làm:
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1. In which direction does Angkor Wat face? Thông tin cần tìm liên quan đến việc Angkor Wat hướng về phía Tây. → Đáp án là west |
Đoạn 2. The most significant point is that the temple is oriented towards the west. |
2. What was originally in the main tower? Thông tin cần tìm liên quan đến việc từng có một bức tượng của thần Vishnu được đạt ở tòa tháp chính. → Đáp án là statue of Vishnu |
Đoạn 5. Thus, the visitor to Angkor Wat who walks the causeway to the main entrance and through the courtyards to the final main tower, which once contained a statue of Vishnu, is metaphorically travelling back to the creation of the universe. |
3. What happened to the wooden pegs used to construct the causeway? Thông tin cần tìm liên quan đến việc những chiếc cọc gỗ dùng để xây dựng con đường đắp cao sau đó đã bị cưa đi và mục nát từ đó. → Đáp án là sawn off/rotted away |
Đoạn 6. […] the holes in the paving stones held wooden pegs that were used to lift and position the stones during construction. The pegs were then sawn off and have since rotted away. |
4. What do you finally do when your journey through Angkor Wat is over? Thông tin cần tìm liên quan đến việc khi chuyến hành hương đã hoàn tất, hãy tận hưởng làn gió, ngắm cảnh và cuối cùng – tìm một góc yên tĩnh để chiêm ngưỡng tính đối xứng và biểu tượng của ngọn núi Everest của các ngôi đền này. → Đáp án là contemplate |
Đoạn 11. Once at the central tower, the pilgrimage is complete: soak up the breeze, take in the views and then find a quiet corner in which to contemplate the symmetry and symbolism of this Everest of temples. |
Questions 5-13: Dạng SENTENCE COMPLETION Cách làm:
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Angkor Wat was built inside a large rectangular 5 …………………….. and […] Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ do đứng sau tính từ “rectangular”. Angkor Wat được bao quanh bởi một con hào rộng 190m, tạo thành một hình chữ nhật khổng lồ có kích thước 1,5km x 1,3km. → Đáp án là moat |
Đoạn 7. Angkor Wat is surrounded by a moat, 190m wide, which forms a giant rectangle measuring 1.5km by 1.3km. |
Angkor Wat was built inside a large rectangular moat and can be be reached by walking across a 6 ……………………… Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ/cụm danh từ do đứng sau mạo từ “a”. Từ phía tây, một con đường đắp bằng đá sa thạch băng qua hào nước. → Đáp án là sandstone causeway |
Đoạn 7. From the west, a sandstone causeway crosses the moat. |
The blocks used to build it were first 7 …………………….. and then transported on rafts. Từ cần điền vào có thể là một động từ Những khối đá sa thạch dùng để xây dựng Angkor Wat được khai thác cách đó hơn 50km và được thả trôi trên bè dọc theo sông Stung Siem Reap. → Đáp án là quarried |
Đoạn 7. The sandstone blocks from which Angkor Wat was built were quarried more than 50km away (from the district of Svay Leu at the eastern foot of Phnom Kulen) and floated down the Stung Siem Reap (Siem Reap River) on rafts. |
The ability to do this without 8………………………is hard to believe. Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ/cụm danh từ/nhiều danh từ. Một kỳ tích khó tin (việc xây dựng Angkor Wat) khi mà chúng ta không cần đến cần cẩu và xe tải đang sử dụng trong các dự án xây dựng hiện đại. → Đáp án là cranes and trucks |
Đoạn 7. The logistics of such an operation are mind-blowing, consuming the labour of thousands – an unbelievable feat given the lack of cranes and trucks that we take for granted in contemporary construction projects. |
Angkor Wat is far more 9…………………….. than any other building to be seen here. Từ cần điền vào có thể là một tính từ. Có nhiều điểm độc đáo ở Angkor Wat so với các ngôi đền khác tại Angkor. → Đáp án là unique |
Đoạn 2. There is much about Angkor Wat that is unique among the temples of Angkor. |
The 10…………………….. are responsible for restoring many of the carvings. Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ do đứng sau mạo từ “a”. Nhiều bức tượng Apsara tinh xảo này đã bị hư hại trong nỗ lực của Ấn Độ nhằm tẩy rửa các ngôi đền bằng hóa chất vào những năm 1980, một hành trình tệ hại nhất, nhưng hiện nay chúng đang được phục hồi bởi các nhóm thuộc Dự án Bảo tồn Apsara của Đức (GACP). → Đáp án là GACP |
Đoạn 3. Many of these exquisite apsara were damaged during Indian efforts to clean the temples with chemicals during the 1980s, the ultimate bad acid trip, but they are now being restored by the teams of the German Apsara Conservation Project (GACP). |
The temples of Angkor are a representation of the 11……………………… Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ do đứng sau mạo từ “the”. Giống như các ngôi đền khác của Angkor, Angkor Wat cũng mô phỏng vũ trụ không gian ở dạng thu nhỏ. → Đáp án là spatial universe |
Đoạn 6. Like the other temples of Angkor, Angkor Wat also replicates the spatial universe in miniature. |
The statue of Vishnu was carved from 12……………………… Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ do đứng sau giới từ “from”. Ở tháp cổng, bên phải khi bạn đến gần, có một bức tượng thần Vishnu cao 3,25m và được đẽo từ một khối đá sa thạch duy nhất. → Đáp án là sandstone |
Đoạn 8. In the gate tower, to the right as you approach, is a statue of Vishnu, 3.25m in height and hewn from a single block of sandstone. |
The central tower marks the end of your 13…………………….. Từ cần điền vào có thể là một danh từ. Khi đến được tháp trung tâm, cuộc hành hương đã hoàn tất. → Đáp án là pilgrimage |
Đoạn 11. Once at the central tower, the pilgrimage is complete. |
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